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  Meaning A thermodynamic and physicochemical framework for lunar ice mining by induced sublimation refers to a scientific model that explains how heat energy can be applied to lunar subsurface ice deposits to convert solid ice directly into vapor, which can then be captured and condensed into usable water. It integrates thermodynamics (energy transfer and heat balance) with physicochemical principles (phase change, material behavior, and chemical composition) to optimize water extraction in the Moon’s harsh environment. Introduction Water ice found in permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) of the Moon is crucial for future lunar habitation and resource utilization. Extracting this ice through induced sublimation—using controlled heat sources such as microwaves, lasers, or focused solar energy—presents a promising in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) strategy. Developing a thermodynamic and physicochemical framework allows scientists and engineers to predict ice behavior under vacuu...

  Meaning Laser-based engineering refers to the use of focused laser energy to process, modify, or fabricate materials with extreme precision. In biomedical and healthcare engineering, lasers are employed to create, alter, or enhance medical devices, implants, surgical tools, and diagnostic instruments. These strategies rely on the unique ability of lasers to deliver controlled energy to targeted regions, allowing intricate micro- and nanoscale modifications that conventional techniques cannot achieve. Introduction Over the past few decades, laser technology has revolutionized manufacturing and materials processing. Its application in the biomedical and healthcare sectors has opened new frontiers for innovation, enabling the production of highly specialized medical devices that integrate functionality, precision, and biocompatibility. From designing patient-specific implants to fabricating microfluidic chips for diagnostics, laser-based engineering offers unmatched control over ...

  Abstract High-precision temperature control is essential for research and industrial tasks using solar furnaces (material testing, thermal processing, concentrated-solar experiments). This work presents an adaptive control architecture that blends robust PID baseline control with a lightweight Model-Reference Adaptive Controller (MRAC) to handle large, time-varying disturbances (solar irradiance fluctuations, tracking errors, atmospheric changes) and slowly changing system dynamics (mirror degradation, receiver emissivity changes). The design uses high-speed thermocouples and optical pyrometry for measurement, an actuator stack comprising fine azimuth/elevation trackers plus a secondary shutter/attenuator, and supervisory safety logic. Simulation and hardware-in-the-loop validation show improved setpoint tracking, reduced overshoot, and quicker recovery after cloud transients compared with fixed-gain PID controllers. Short introduction / motivation Solar furnaces concentrate s...

  Meaning This study explores how receiving minimally adequate treatment (MAT) — the basic level of care considered sufficient by clinical standards — affects the mental health outcomes of youths with bipolar disorder enrolled in the Medicaid program . In simpler terms, it investigates whether young people receiving at least the minimum recommended care for bipolar disorder experience better emotional stability, fewer relapses, or improved functioning compared to those receiving less care. Introduction Bipolar disorder in youth is a severe psychiatric condition marked by episodes of depression, mania, or mixed moods that can impair school performance, social relationships, and overall well-being. Early and continuous treatment is vital, yet many children and adolescents, particularly those covered by Medicaid, receive inadequate care due to systemic, financial, or access barriers. “Minimally adequate treatment” typically includes: Regular psychiatric visits , Medication...

 The Academic Excellence Paper Award is a prestigious recognition presented to researchers, students, and faculty who demonstrate exceptional scholarly achievement through innovative and impactful research papers. This award honors originality, academic rigor, and contributions to advancing knowledge in various fields. It aims to encourage intellectual curiosity, promote high-quality research, and inspire a culture of excellence within the academic community. Recipients are selected based on the significance of their work, methodological strength, and overall contribution to their discipline, with winners receiving certificates, accolades, and opportunities for wider publication and professional recognition. The Academic Excellence Paper Award highlights include recognizing groundbreaking research that demonstrates innovation, quality, and academic impact across disciplines. It celebrates exceptional scholars and students whose work contributes significantly to advancing knowledg...