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Artificial Intelligence-Driven Personalized Medicine

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  Meaning Artificial Intelligence-Driven Personalized Medicine refers to the use of advanced AI techniques—such as machine learning, deep learning, and data analytics—to tailor medical treatment, prevention strategies, and healthcare decisions to individual patients. It integrates genetic, clinical, lifestyle, and environmental data to predict disease risks, optimize therapies, and improve patient outcomes at a highly individualized level. Introduction Traditional healthcare often follows a “one-size-fits-all” approach, where patients with similar diagnoses receive the same treatment. However, individual variations in genetics, metabolism, environment, and lifestyle can significantly influence treatment effectiveness. Artificial Intelligence-Driven Personalized Medicine addresses this gap by leveraging massive healthcare datasets and computational intelligence to deliver precise, patient-specific care. This approach marks a paradigm shift from reactive treatment to predictive, p...
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Environmental Toxicology: Considerations for Exotic Pets

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  Environmental Toxicology: Considerations for Exotic Pets Meaning Environmental toxicology is the scientific study of harmful chemicals, pollutants, and environmental stressors and their effects on living organisms. When applied to exotic pets —such as reptiles, amphibians, birds, small mammals, and invertebrates—it focuses on understanding how environmental contaminants in air, water, food, and habitat materials affect their health, behavior, reproduction, and survival. Introduction The popularity of exotic pets has increased globally due to their uniqueness and educational value. However, exotic animals are often more sensitive to environmental toxins than traditional pets like dogs and cats. Many originate from highly specific ecosystems, making them vulnerable to pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, plasticizers, household chemicals, and air contaminants. Environmental toxicology plays a crucial role in identifying risks, guiding safe husbandry practices, and impro...
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Environmental and toxicological implications of toxic element levels in three Red Sea marine fishes

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  Meaning Environmental and toxicological implications of toxic element levels in marine fishes refer to the study of how potentially toxic elements (PTEs) —such as mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As)—accumulate in fish tissues, affect marine ecosystems, and pose health risks to humans consuming contaminated seafood. These studies connect environmental pollution , bioaccumulation , and toxicological outcomes within a food-web context. Introduction Marine ecosystems act as final sinks for many pollutants released through industrial discharge, urban runoff, mining activities, and oil exploration. The Red Sea , despite its ecological uniqueness and economic importance, is increasingly exposed to anthropogenic stressors due to coastal development, shipping activities, desalination plants, and tourism. Fish species inhabiting these waters can absorb toxic elements from water, sediments, and food sources, leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Since mari...
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You said: An Everglades water quality recovery model

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  Meaning An Everglades Water Quality Recovery Model is a scientific and management framework designed to restore, protect, and sustain the natural water quality of the Florida Everglades ecosystem. It integrates hydrological modeling, nutrient transport analysis, ecological response indicators, and policy-driven management strategies to reduce pollutants—especially phosphorus and nitrogen —and reestablish the Everglades’ natural water balance and biodiversity. Introduction The Florida Everglades is one of the world’s most unique wetlands, often described as a “river of grass.” Over decades, agricultural expansion, urban development, and water diversion have significantly altered its hydrology and water chemistry . Excess nutrient loading, particularly phosphorus from fertilizers and runoff, has degraded native habitats, caused invasive species dominance, and disrupted ecosystem functions. An Everglades water quality recovery model serves as a decision-support tool that si...
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Oxygen vacancy–engineered Ru-doped Ni–MoO₂ core–shell nanoparticles for AEM water electrolysis.

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  Meaning Oxygen vacancy–engineered Ru-doped Ni–MoO₂ core–shell nanoparticles refer to a nanostructured electrocatalyst where nickel–molybdenum dioxide forms a core–shell architecture, ruthenium atoms are introduced as dopants, and oxygen vacancies are deliberately created in the lattice. These features are designed to enhance catalytic activity and stability for overall water electrolysis in an anion exchange membrane (AEM) system. Introduction Hydrogen production through water electrolysis is a cornerstone technology for clean energy systems. Among various electrolyzer technologies, anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) has attracted increasing attention due to its ability to operate under alkaline conditions while using non-precious or low-loading noble metal catalysts. However, achieving high efficiency, durability, and low cost remains challenging. Oxygen vacancy engineering and atomic-scale Ru doping in Ni–MoO₂ core–shell nanoparticles represent a promising...
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Protective effect of osmanthus water extract against DBP-induced liver dysfunction using organoids.

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  Meaning The study titled “Protective effect of osmanthus water extract against DBP-induced liver dysfunction using organoids” focuses on evaluating whether bioactive compounds extracted from Osmanthus fragrans flowers can protect liver cells from damage caused by dibutyl phthalate (DBP) . DBP is a widely used environmental plasticizer known to disrupt liver metabolism and induce hepatotoxicity. Advanced liver organoid models are used to mimic human liver structure and function more accurately than traditional cell cultures. Introduction Environmental pollutants such as phthalates have become unavoidable due to industrialization and widespread plastic use. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is commonly found in food packaging, cosmetics, and medical devices, and prolonged exposure has been linked to liver dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. The liver , being the primary detoxification organ, is especially vulnerable to DBP-induced toxicity. Natural pl...
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Perchlorate and thyroid function

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  Meaning Perchlorate is a naturally occurring and man-made chemical anion (ClO₄⁻) widely found in the environment. It is commonly associated with industrial uses such as rocket fuel, explosives, fireworks, fertilizers, and matches. Environmentally, perchlorate contaminates soil and water sources and can enter the human body through drinking water, food (especially leafy vegetables and milk), and occupational exposure. From a biological perspective, perchlorate is classified as a thyroid -disrupting chemical because it interferes with iodine uptake, a critical process for normal thyroid hormone synthesis. Introduction The thyroid gland plays a central role in regulating metabolism, growth, development, and neurological function through the production of thyroid hormones— thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Iodine is an essential micronutrient required for the synthesis of these hormones. Perchlorate disrupts thyroid function primarily by competitively inhibiting the so...
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